The characteristics of millimeter wave radar,including working frequency band,target detection and imaging ability,weather transmission characteristics,are numerically simulated and analyzed.Based on the analysis of the indicators and technical characteristics of typical millimeter wave (MMW) radars in western countries,the development trend of MMW radars is given.In view of China’s space target detection requirements,overall problem of long-range MMW radar technologies are studied.The key technologies that restrict the design of radar system are analyzed,and the technical solutions are proposed.

In the measurement of near field electromagnetic scattering characteristics, the transmitter′s high-power signal enters the receiver directly or after reflection, which is easy to cause the receiver block. After power amplifier, emission signal waveform changed and got a long tail, the tail and the target scattering echo signal enter into the receiver at the same time, the echo signal will be seriously affected by the trailing. Above problem will lead to the insufficient of receiver dynamic range and the measuring capability of the system is influenced. A method with time domain filtering and optimization design of antenna is proposed, which improves the receiver isolation of the near-field electromagnetic scattering characteristics of measuring and the low radar cross-section (RCS) measurement.

Aiming at the problem of detection and tracking of weak target under the complex environment, a dynamic programming method based on plot-track quality evaluation is proposed. The method combines the true echo characteristics of the target and the motion law of the target based on the traditional detection and tracking structure. In a single cycle, the concept of plot quality is put forward according to the target echo characteristics; during the cycle, according to the motion law of target, the possible target state is estimated. According to the Euclidean distance and azimuth equation between state estimation and measurement, a confidence factor is used to improve the indicator function combined with the plot quality. Simulation results show that the method can effectively eliminate the fake trajectory, reduce the calculation, enhance the probability of detecting radar weak target; and its structure is simple, easy to achieve in project.